前几天,网友都在讨论,上帝到底给谷爱凌关上了哪扇窗? 大概,可能,或许是,关了“韭菜盒子”这扇窗。(开玩笑) 情人节当天上午,中国选手谷爱凌参加自由式滑雪女子坡面障碍技巧资格赛,等成绩时,她从兜里掏出一个饼。 没见过世面的外媒记者问: What di
前几天,网友都在讨论,上帝到底给谷爱凌关上了哪扇窗?
大概,可能,或许是,关了“韭菜盒子”这扇窗。(开玩笑)
情人节当天上午,中国选手谷爱凌参加自由式滑雪女子坡面障碍技巧资格赛,等成绩时,她从兜里掏出一个饼。
没见过世面的外媒记者问:
What did you just eat?
你刚才吃啥呢?
What did you just eat?
你刚才吃啥呢?
谷爱凌思考了一会儿说:
My English is failing today, it's called 韭菜盒子. I don't know how to say it in English.
我今天的英语是完蛋了,这个叫韭菜盒子,我不知道用英语怎么说。
My English is failing today, it's called 韭菜盒子. I don't know how to say it in English.
我今天的英语是完蛋了,这个叫韭菜盒子,我不知道用英语怎么说。
外媒又问韭菜盒子是啥?
?这突如其来的考题,就连谷爱凌都懵了..?....
?
网友们发现自己和谷爱凌的共同点又变多了,除了能睡10小时,还都爱吃韭菜盒子,也都不知道韭菜盒子用英语怎么说。
Global Times的稿子里用中文拼音和细致的描述介绍这道中国美食:
Jiucai Hezi, a pan-fried dumpling filled with chives and vermicelli noodles
China Sports Vision2050也用了Jiucai Hezi,但是注明了英文名叫“Garlic Chives Pasty”。
chive 英 [t?a?v] 美 [t?a?v]
chive 英 [t?a?v] 美 [t?a?v]
中文既有“韭菜”的意思,又能表示“细香葱”。反正是细细绿绿的某类植物。
garlic 英 [?ɡɑ?l?k] 美 [?ɡɑ?rl?k]
garlic 英 [?ɡɑ?l?k] 美 [?ɡɑ?rl?k]
本意“大蒜;大蒜头”,也可以用在“有相似气味的植物名中”。
韭菜的气味我们都很熟悉,所以这里用“garlic chives”更能代表“韭菜”。
pasty n. 馅饼
pasty n. 馅饼
Global Times的译法看似简单,其实要把馅料和做法都用英语描述清楚需要一定的功底:
a pan-fried dumpling 煎制的面食
vermicelli 英 [?v??m??t?eli] 美 [?v??rm??t?eli]
Vermicelli noodles 粉条
a pan-fried dumpling 煎制的面食
vermicelli 英 [?v??m??t?eli] 美 [?v??rm??t?eli]
Vermicelli noodles 粉条
北京旅游网的翻译是: Fried Chinese Leek Dumplings
leek n. 韭;[园艺] 韭葱
leek n. 韭;[园艺] 韭葱
对比来看,Global Times的译法难度更大一些。考试时万一遇到韭菜盒子,同学们能掌握哪个就写哪个哦。
但是,不要只写个“Jiucai Hezi”,更不能写“Jiucai Box”。
本届冬奥会,又名“运动员吃播大会”,中国美食彻底出圈了。
(只有一个国家的运动员说不好吃)
美国传奇单板滑雪选手肖恩·怀特,比赛取得第四名泪洒赛场,关注单板滑雪和不关注单板滑雪的都感动了。
结果他回奥运村就兴高采烈拍食堂吃播vlog了。
他说因为这里的食物实在太好吃,他在奥运村闲着没事就吃东西。说着还把镜头怼到黑椒蘑菇牛肉、糖醋里脊、蒜蓉菜花、宫保鸡丁、担担面,连白米饭都有镜头。
外国网友看到后流下了感动的哈喇子,中国网友表示这都是我们的家常便饭,你一个人吃那么多倒是让人刮目相看。
美国单板滑雪坡面障碍技巧选手朱莉娅·马里诺酷爱饺子,到奥运村不久一个人吃了近200个饺子。
马耳他运动员珍妮丝·斯皮泰里,在比赛间隙,从口袋里掏出来半个豆包咬了一口,被镜头捕捉下来。
她一天吃6个豆包,但最爱吃的是麻团。“你知道那种芝麻球吗?油炸的,外面是芝麻籽,很有嚼劲,里面是豆沙,我可以吃100个!”
……
外国运动员兴致勃勃介绍自己吃过中国美食的样子,总让人觉得他们不是来比赛的,而是来度假的。
奥运村除了为运动员和工作人员提供美食外,还准备了全英文版的菜肴菜单。
把中国菜翻译成英文不能随意翻译,必须遵守2017年发布的《公共服务领域英文译写规范》。
菜肴名词翻译原则
一. 以主料为主,配料或配汁为辅的翻译原则
1.菜肴的主料和配料
主料(名称/形状)+with+配料
如:松仁香菇 Chinese Mushrooms with Pine Nuts
2.菜肴的主料和配汁
主料 with /in+汤汁(Sauce)
如:冰梅凉瓜 Bitter Melon in Plum Sauce
二. 以烹制方法为主,原料为辅的翻译原则
1.菜肴的做法和主料
做法(动词过去分词)+主料(名称/形状)
如:拌双耳Tossed Black and White Fungus
2.菜肴的做法、主料和配料
做法(动词过去分词)+主料(名称/形状)+配料
如:豌豆辣牛肉 Sautéed Spicy Beef and Green Peas
3.菜肴的做法、主料和汤汁
做法(动词过去分词) + 主料(名称/形状)+with /in+汤汁
如:川北凉粉Tossed Clear Noodles with Chili Sauce
三. 以形状、口感为主,原料为辅的翻译原则
1.菜肴形状或口感以及主配料
形状/口感 + 主料
如:玉兔馒头 Rabbit-Shaped Mantou
脆皮鸡 Crispy Chicken
2.菜肴的做法、形状或口感、做法以及主配料
做法(动词过去分词)+ 形状/口感 + 主料 + 配料
如:小炒黑山羊Sautéed Sliced Lamb with Pepper and Parsley
四. 以人名、地名为主,原料为辅的翻译原则
1.菜肴的创始人(发源地)和主料
人名(地名)+ 主料
如:麻婆豆腐 Mapo Tofu (Sautéed Tofu in Hot and Spicy Sauce)
广东点心Cantonese Dim Sum
2.介绍菜肴的创始人(发源地)、主配料及做法
做法(动词过去式)+ 主辅料 + 人名/地名 + Style
如:四川辣子鸡 Spicy Chicken, Sichuan Style
北京炸酱面Noodles with Soy Bean Paste, Beijing Style
五. 体现中国餐饮文化,使用汉语拼音命名或音译的翻译原则
1.具有中国特色且被外国人接受的传统食品,本着推广汉语及中国餐饮文化的原则,使用汉语拼音。
如:饺子 Jiaozi
包子 Baozi
馒头 Mantou
花卷 Huajuan
烧麦 Shaomai
2.具有中国特色且已被国外主要英文字典收录的,使用汉语方言拼写或音译拼写的菜名,仍保留其原拼写方式。
如:豆腐 Tofu
宫保鸡丁 Kung Pao Chicken
馄饨 Wonton
3. 中文菜肴名称无法体现其做法及主配料的,使用汉语拼音,并在后标注英文注释。
如:佛跳墙 Fotiaoqiang (Steamed Abalone with Shark's Fin and Fish Maw in Broth)
锅贴 Guotie (Pan-Fried Dumplings)
窝头 Wotou (Steamed Corn/Black Rice Bun)
蒸饺 Steamed Jiaozi (Steamed Dumplings)
油条 Youtiao (Deep-Fried Dough Sticks)
汤圆 Tangyuan (Glutinous Rice Balls)
粽子 Zongzi (Glutinous Rice Wrapped in Bamboo Leaves)
元宵 Yuanxiao (Glutinous Rice Balls for Lantern Festival)
驴打滚儿 Lǘdagunr (Glutinous Rice Rolls Stuffed with Red Bean Paste)
豆汁儿 Douzhir (Fermented Bean Drink)
艾窝窝 Aiwowo (Steamed Rice Cakes with Sweet Stuffing)
六. 可数名词单复数使用原则
菜单中的可数名词基本使用复数,但在整道菜中只有一件或太细碎无法数清的用单数。
如:蔬菜面 Noodles with Vegetables
葱爆羊肉 Sautéed Lamb Slices with Scallion
七.介词in和with在汤汁、配料中的用法
1.如主料是浸在汤汁或配料中时,使用in连接。
如:豉汁牛仔骨 Steamed Beef Ribs in Black Bean Sauce
2.如汤汁或蘸料和主料是分开的,或是后浇在主菜上的,则用with连接。
如:泡椒鸭丝 Shredded Duck with Pickled Peppers
最后,问题来了,怎么用英语向外国人介绍美食?
01
用英语介绍你最喜欢的中国菜
参考范文一
I like a lot of foods, like rice, noodles, dumplings, porridge, hamburgers and so on. But my favourite food is dumplings. Every Sunday, my mother makes many dumplings for me. If she has no time to make the dumplings, I'll go to the supermarket to buy some. Dumplings look like white boats. They taste delicious. On my birthday every year, I usually make a lot of dumplings with my mother because I often ask some friends to eat them with me. There are different kinds of vegetables in them. My friends all like to eat them very much.
Of all the foods, I like dumplings best.
参考范文二
In China, there are many delicious dishes. In the record A Bite of China, we can see the essence of Chinese diet.
Among so many dishes, I like sweet and sour spare rib and beef most. Sweet and sour spare rib is a traditional and popular Chinese cuisine. Its cooking method is simple but it taste well. Sweet and sour contains together, tasting much better. Beef is popular in general families. There are various methods to cook this food material. We can fry or stew and we can get different but tasty foods.
However, taste of home are the most popular in families.
02
给想学中国菜的外国朋友写信
假如你叫李华,你的外国朋友Mark来信说到一家中国餐厅吃饭,发现那些菜肴味道鲜美,对中国菜产生了兴趣,决定暑假来中国学做中国菜。请你给他写封回信,内容包括:
1. 对Mark的决定表示赞赏。
2. 简要介绍中国美食。
3.给他介绍一个中国名厨当师傅。
提示词:Chinese cuisine
注意:
1. 词数100左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
参考范文
Dear Mark,
Joy swelled inside me the moment I was informed that you are fascinated by the Chinese cuisine and resolve to learn to cook it. I am writing to give you a brief introduction about it.
Learning to cook Chinese food is such a fabulous decision for you. As you know, Chinese Cuisine enjoys a long history and has many nutritional benefits. Originating from the various regions of China, Chinese cuisine has been typically divided into four categories—Guangzhou Cuisine, Shangdong Cuisine, Jiangsu Cuisine and Sichuan Cuisine, each having widely spread around the world. To make you quicker to cook some Chinese dishes, I will introduce you to a famed chef, Mr. Yao Chuhao, who is a master of Chinese cuisine. Since you are always quick-minded, I am pretty sure you will pick up the basic skills about Chinese cooking in a short time.
Hopefully, you will have a good time in China and I guarantee the Chinese cuisine will never fail to amaze you. I am looking forward to seeing you and may everything go smoothly.
Yours,
Li Hua
03
给外国朋友写信介绍老字号饭店
假定你是李华,是某中学一名学生。你有幸做外国朋友Tom的向导,带他去当地一家中华老字号(China Time-honored Brand)饭店品尝中国传统美食。请你按如下提示给对方写一封邮件,告知这次行程安排。
1. 饭店情况及特色菜;
2. 出发时间、地点;
3. 交通方式。
注意:
1. 词数100左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
参考词汇:specialty 特色菜
参考答案
Dear Tom,
I'm so honored to serve as your guide to a local restaurant to taste traditional Chinese food. The restaurant we chose enjoys a good reputation and it ranks among the most famous China Time-honored Brand restaurants. Apart from the high-quality dishes, not only pleasant-looking but also delicious, the environment there is clean and pleasant. The traditional and unique soup dumplings are its specialty, which I do believe you can't afford to miss.
By the way, it's convenient to get there by bus, for it's just within easy reach of the downtown. We'll meet at half past five in the afternoon on next Saturday, and I will be waiting for you at the bus stop near our school. No.B1 will directly take us there.
Wish you a good time.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
今天晚饭就安排谷爱凌同款韭菜盒子吧!
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